Top 15 Gods and Goddesses of Ancient Egypt
Ancient Egyptian gods: Over the course of thousands of years, the Pharaonic civilization was closely related to religion, as historians considered it as one of the most important foundations of the establishment of Egyptian civilization, more than 5 thousand years ago, and one of the pillars of the founding and unification of the Egyptian state…
The worship of the various Egyptian deities continued for more than three thousand years … that is, the symbols of the Egyptian deities were worshiped in a time frame that exceeds the age of the Egyptians condemning Christianity and Islam combined!
Nearly 2,800 deities worshiped in Egypt with a different names, as symbols of all forces of nature. The most prominent and important of them are:
Gods of ancient Egypt
- Ra Egyptian god
- Amun Egyptian god
- Osiris Egyptian god
- Isis Egyptian god
- Horus Egyptian god
- Aten Egyptian god
- Hathor goddess
- Nut goddess
- Geb Egyptian god
- Set Egyptian god
- Sekhmet Egyptian god
- Sobek Egyptian god
- Bastet Egyptian god
- Anubis Egyptian god
- Thoth Egyptian god
1-Ra Egyptian god
Ra he was the Ancient Egyptian sun god, The sun had a special place among the ancient Egyptians, they considered it the source of life, so they took it as a god and called it Ra, and he was the god of the sun and the creator of the universe, one of the most famous deities in the ancient Egyptian religion, as he heads the holy ninth, which includes the gods concerned with the process of beginning creation.
Ancient Egyptians believed that Ra created himself, and his tears created humans also the ancient Egyptians believed that the setting of the sun means the beginning of the daily journey of Ra, in which he travels by his holy boat to the underworld every evening, to fight the forces of evil represented in a big snake called Apophis, and then returns to a brilliant triumph in the heights of the sky every morning on a new day. The ancient Egyptian is a sign of human resurrection, and also evidence of the god Ra’s victory over the forces of chaos and evil.
Ra merged with several deities, including the god Amun, under the name “Amun-Ra.” Amun Ra was the invisible face of Ra. He also merged with the god Horus, to become Ra-Horakhti, when the north and south were unified.
Where the cult of Ra was widespread in the north, and the worship of Horus is widespread in the south, so the priests unified the two gods to become one god under the name “Re-Hor-achti” which is represented in the form of a man with a falcon’s head (the god Horus), and he carries over Head of the sun disk symbol (god Ra). [ Read more about the Eye of Ra ].
2-Amun Egyptian god
Amon is the god of the sun and fertility, and he is the hidden face of Ra, and it is always depicted in the form of a man who wears a crown from which two feathers come out, and the name of Amun means the inner, the unseen or the invisible, so the communication with him was only through prayer and solemnity, and the sincerity of man in his monologues is the only way for the god Amon, Therefore, he possessed great popularity, especially among the poor who possessed nothing but the communion of God and submission to him, at a time when the worship of deities is widespread by offering offerings and material.
Amon was different from all other deities because his absence from the image and being invisible is only contacted spiritually, making his worship close to being monotheistic worship, so he became the only god and all other deities a picture of him and a reflection of him, and among the most famous titles of Amun Ra was the title “protector of the path.”
After his merging and unification with Ra, he appeared in the image of the god Emin-Ra, and it became visible and hidden at the same time, apparent in the form of Ra, which is manifested in his servants in the form of the sun, and hidden, mysterious and separate from the world as Amon, and the correct pronunciation of the name of God is not Amon as it is known Rather, “Emine”, with the fraction tilted to open, hieroglyphs use only consonants.
3-Osiris Egyptian god
Osiris was the god of life and fertility in the world, before his brother, the god “Set”, the evil god, killed him to become the god of the dead and the reckoning in the underworld. Osiris is represented in the form of a man on his head the white crown of Upper Egypt, and he has a false beard, and he holds a scepter in his hands, and it includes His arms crossed.
He is the eldest son of the god of the earth Geb, and the goddess of heaven is Nut, and he is among the ninth of the Holy Heliopolis or the ninth, the title of king of the living, and the Lord of Love who remains kind and young forever, and the master of silence.
Osiris is the only Ancient Egyptian deity who was sometimes referred to simply as “god.” This gives us an idea of his power and importance to the Ancient Egyptians
Peace be upon you, O Osiris, Lord of eternity, king of the gods all, who has many names.
4-Isis Egyptian god
Isis She is the goddess of motherhood and magic, the sister of the god Osiris and his faithful lover, who has become an example of love and loyalty. Isis is always represented in the image of a woman holding the throne on her head and in her hand the key to life.
She was called the cosmic mother, and the mother of all creatures. She is the mother of the god Horus, who gave birth to her by the act of magic after she brought life back to her husband, Osiris, who conspired against his brother “Set”, the evil god and I said, so she gave birth to Horus to avenge his father.
Isis is famous for her famous sentence, also from her titles: the owner of the throne, the goddess of secrets, and the goddess of all beginnings.
I am everything that has been and everything will be and there is no van able to reveal my hijab.
After his merging and unification with Ra, he appeared in the image of the god Emin-Ra, and it became visible and hidden at the same time, apparent in the form of Ra, which is manifested in his servants in the form of the sun, and hidden, mysterious and separate from the world as Amon, and the correct pronunciation of the name of God is not Amon as it is known Rather, “Emine”, with the fraction tilted to open, hieroglyphs use only consonants.
5-Horus Egyptian god
The son of Osiris, who was born by Isis, greatest god in the temple of Enot, Oya Horus the famous for your weapon
He is the god of war and justice, the son of Isis and Osiris, embodied Horus in the form of a falcon, called the protector of his father for his revenge on his uncle “Set” evil god, and after Horus’s victory in his famous battle with his uncle he became a god of life and a symbol of justice, used by all the kings who ruled Egypt with hope and greed In achieving justice as Horus has done, and Horus has been given many titles, such as Horus the Wise, the Savior, and the one in the highest.
Horus granted his eye to his father in an attempt to restore life to him, and from that moment on, Eye of Horus was considered an important religious symbol for the ancient Egyptians, and they called it “the eye that sees everything”, and people took it as an amulet to protect themselves from evils, and they attached them to homes, ships, and on warriors as a request for the help and protection of Horus.
6-Aten Egyptian god
During the Akhenaten period, The Aten was installed as the principal god of Egypt and the word “Aten” was the traditional name for the sun-disk itself and so the name of the god is often translated as “the Aten”.
After the worship of Amun reached its climax, the sanctification of the sun spread and called it Aton, the god that King Akhenaten announced in his call for a new monotheistic religion. Aton is represented in the shape of the sun with its clear rays ending with human hands holding the key to life.
While Atomism was not unknown before the time of Amenhotep IV, it was during his reign that the Aton gained great (even sole) prominence among the gods.
But After the death of Akhenaten, Aten returned as one of the Egyptian deities, and his monotheistic vocation completely vanished, and from the titles of Aten: the heat emanating from the disk of the sun, Lord of the Horizons, which glistens in his horizon in his name, and finally the father of Ra who returned to us as Aton…
7-Hathor goddess
It is Hathor, which will make your face full among the gods, and it will open your eyes so that you see every day, magnify your place and make your voice overcome your enemies.
She is the daughter of Ra and the gods of music, love, and beauty, represented in many forms, sometimes they are depicted as a cow, sometimes as a woman carrying the sun above her head between the two horns of a cow, and sometimes it is the image of a woman with a cow’s head, and the cow here is a symbol of peace and love.
It is called Ein Ra, which destroyed its enemies, and the name Hathor means the sanctuary of Horus, it is that which enters Horus and took care of him after the departure of his mother Isis to search for the remains of Osiris, so it is also considered a symbol of motherhood, and women often set an example and a role model in giving and love, and also of her titles as well Dancing Queen and Joyful Mistress.
8-Nut goddess
Nut is the goddess of heaven and the mother of Ra, one of the oldest and most important gods in the ancient Egyptian religion, as it is among the ninth of Heliopolis, meaning that it is among the nine deities involved at the beginning of creation. Nut is the sister of the god “Jab”, the god of the earth, and their father is the god “Show”, the god of the air, while their mother is the goddess “Tefnut”, the god of humidity and rain.
Nut is embodied in the form of a star-studded woman, covering the world with her body from east to west, dubbed by the ancient Egyptians with many titles, such as covering the heavens, which carry a thousand souls, and those that protect and protecting the dead
where they were considered the gods of the dead also, and so they were drawing them inside the coffins of the dead, To protect the dead and accompany him on his journey to the other world.
9-Geb Egyptian god
Geb is the god of the earth. He is represented in the form of a man whose color is green, and he is sometimes depicted as a man with a goose on his head.
There is a belief in the ancient Egyptian religion that says that without Jeb’s marriage to Nut, life would not have existed, as well as that with their marriage they gave birth to all the deities as well as the Sun also, so Jeb is considered the father of the gods, and after that, “Shaw” the God of the air separated them to separate forever, As Nut Alia inhabited the sky, while Geb remained on the earth, people were blowing water and planting.
He was responsible for everything that happens on the ground, from germination of crops to earthquakes and floods, and the ancient Egyptians had a childish belief that it was the laughs of Jeb that caused earthquakes and that his kindness and mercy made the lands grow.
10-Set Egyptian god
He is one of the oldest ancient Egyptian deities. He was worshiped in most parts of Egypt in the period called the Predynastic period or the dynastic period, as it was part of the holy ninth where he was the son of “Nut and Geb”, and a brother to both the holy Osiris, Horus the Sheikh, the golden Isis and Nephthys, they believed He helps the dead to ascend to the sky and his name sometimes indicates anger, as the god of storms and other strange phenomena such as eclipses, earthquakes, and thunderstorms.
11-Sekhmet Egyptian god
She is the daughter of Ra, the fierce fighter and lady of the two lands, as the ancient Egyptians called her, the goddess of war and destruction sent by Ra to punish the rebels and those outside his worship, embodied Sekhmet in the form of a woman with a lioness head, on top of which is the sun surrounded by a cobra snake, and holds her hand the key to life. The name Sekhmet means strong.
It is a source of strength for the ancient Egyptians, as they have always used it in times of war, and because its strength and fierce are endless, after every war they pray and perform rituals and rituals, please and asking them to stop the war, fighting and death.
She was called by many titles, most notably: the daughter of Ra, the goddess of fire, the goddess of slaughter, the lady of war, and finally the great lady, loved by Ptah, all of these titles indicate the extent of her strength.
12-Sobek Egyptian god
Also known as “Subic-Ra”, the ancient crocodile god, his worship continued until the Roman era, and it was mentioned for the first time in the texts of the pyramids.
Some people believed that Sobek – the god who emerged from the dark waters – was the creator of the universe and was also responsible for organizing the universe and its march. He was also called the master of the waters and brought fertility. He was also called the Nile god, where they believed that the waters of the Nile River were from his race.
13-Bastet Egyptian god
Also known as Bastet, most of us know her as the Cat Goddess, and she is one of the most famous deities of the civilization of the Pharaohs.
It is said that its origin was with the head of a lion and then it represented domestic cats in the modern era of the state.
14-Anubis Egyptian god
He was known to the Egyptians as “Anbou” and Anubis is the Greek version of his name and he is a very ancient god, whose name was associated with the processes of embalming and funeral of the dead. What we find pictures embodied beside a coffin. [ Read more about Anubis the Egyptian god ].
15-Thoth Egyptian god
He was widely known and worshiped throughout Egypt — his head was a bird’s head — and he was one of the earliest ancient Egyptian deities, called the Creator where they believed that Thoth laid the egg from which Ra was created.
Conclusion:
Besides these deities – which can be considered the most important deities, or the Supreme Gods – there are hundreds of them that were built for them by giant temples and murals, as evidence that Egypt has never deviated from the concept of religion at all, and that the country of the Nile was considered one of the most important civilizations around the world that Her creativity was associated with the principles of religion, and the symbolic authority of a ruler as God’s shadow on earth.
